{"id":102,"date":"2022-02-04T14:24:30","date_gmt":"2022-02-04T11:24:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/?p=102"},"modified":"2022-02-16T10:38:42","modified_gmt":"2022-02-16T07:38:42","slug":"part-time-calisma-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/part-time-calisma-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Part-Time \u00c7al\u0131sma Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i ile i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fma ile olu\u015fan ve normal i\u015f s\u00fcresinden az olan d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131sma\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir (\u00dcnal, 2005:112).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4857 say\u0131l\u0131 i\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 13. maddesinde g\u00f6re part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>; i\u015f\u00e7inin normal haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin, tam s\u00fcreli i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan emsal is\u00e7iye g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha az belirlenmesi durumudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkeler baz\u0131nda part time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tan\u0131mlar\u0131na bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alman istihdam\u0131 Te\u015fvik Yasas\u0131na g\u00f6re part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma; \u201chaftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi i\u015fletmenin tam g\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinden daha k\u0131sa olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresidir\u201d (Seyyar, 1998:51).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD\u2019de part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma; \u201chaftada 16 ile 32 saat aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u201d, \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1981 tarihli Frans\u0131z Kanunu\u2019nda part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma; \u201cayl\u0131k veya haftal\u0131k yasal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin en az be\u015fte birinden daha az olan veya i\u015fyeri \/ i\u015fkolu d\u00fczeyinde yap\u0131lan toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin belirlendi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekli\u201d olarak yer almaktad\u0131r.
.
\u0130ngiltere\u2019de part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>; \u201c yemek aralar\u0131 ve fazla mesai saatleri hari\u00e7 haftada 30 saat veya daha az olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u201d, olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r (Yavuz, 1995:38).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130spanya\u2019 da part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>; \u201cstandart \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinden az veya bir y\u0131l, bir ay, bir hafta i\u00e7inde belirlenen g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.\u201d (Sen, 2000:45).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130svi\u00e7re Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nda 1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin 319. maddesinde parttime \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ilgili \u015fu h\u00fckme yer verilmi\u015ftir: \u201ci\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fverenin hizmetinde, muntazaman belirli saatlerle, yar\u0131m g\u00fcn veya belirli saatlerle i\u015f g\u00f6rmeyi taahh\u00fct etti\u011fi k\u0131smi s\u00fcreli hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hizmet akdi olarak ge\u00e7erlidir\u201d (Eyrenci, 1989:21).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130talya\u2019 da 863 say\u0131l\u0131 yasada part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma; \u201ctoplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerle tam g\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinden daha az olan veya bir y\u0131l, bir ay ya da bir hafta i\u00e7inde belirlenen g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Yavuz, 1995:38).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part-time \u00e7al\u0131sma ile ilgili olarak AB\u2019de at\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m, 6 Haziran 1997 tarihinde Avrupa Birligi d\u00fczeyinde sosyal taraflar\u0131 temsil g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olan is\u00e7i ve isveren kuruluslar\u0131n\u0131n, aralar\u0131ndaki diyalog ve isbirligi yoluyla \u00fczerinde anlasmaya vard\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cK\u0131smi \u00c7al\u0131sma \u00c7er\u00e7eve Anlasmas\u0131\u201d ile 18 Mart 1999 tarihinde imzalanan \u201cBelirli S\u00fcreli \u00c7al\u0131sma \u00c7er\u00e7eve Anlasmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d. Bu anlasmalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan olusturulan \u201cSosyal Politika G\u00fcndemi\u201d de AB\u2019nin 2005 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00e7al\u0131sma hayat\u0131 aln\u0131nda bagl\u0131 kalacag\u0131 ilkeleri ve ger\u00e7eklestirecegi faaliyetleri ortaya koymaktad\u0131r (Tarcan, 2000:31).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131; \u201cis\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren taraf\u0131n\u0131n kendi aralar\u0131nda anla\u015farak kabul ettikleri, normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinden az olan ve d\u00fczenli olarak yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. (Yavuz, 1995:38).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinden daha k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ifade eden part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Avrupa\u2019da olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yedide birinin part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, part-time istihdam\u0131n son on y\u0131lda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r(\u00c7ak\u0131r, 2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re Hollanda\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kesimin %33\u2019\u00fc, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de %23\u2019\u00fc, \u0130zlanda\u2019da %20.4\u2019\u00fc, Almanya\u2019da %17.6\u2019s\u0131, Danimarka\u2019da %14.5\u2019i, Fransa\u2019da %13.8\u2019i, Romanya\u2019da %12.5\u2019i, \u0130talya\u2019da %12.2\u2019si, Polonya\u2019da %11.6\u2019s\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de %8\u2019i part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu oran da g\u00f6steriyor ki, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oran\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin gerisindedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda bu oran\u0131n artaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Torba yasas\u0131yla birlikte part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in yasal haklara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ilgili bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede farkl\u0131 tan\u0131mlamalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen; bu tan\u0131mlar\u0131 genel olarak kapsayan, en \u00e7ok kabul g\u00f6ren tan\u0131m Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ( ILO ) taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan tan\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ILO, 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen 175 Say\u0131l\u0131 K\u0131smi S\u00fcreli \u00c7al\u0131sma S\u00f6zlesmesinde parttime \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131; \u201cnormal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinden az, s\u00fcrekli ve d\u00fczenli olan ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ILO\u2019nun tan\u0131m\u0131ndaki bu \u00fc\u00e7 unsur s\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanabilir:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
  1. Haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde az olmas\u0131,<\/li>
  2. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n s\u00fcrekli ve d\u00fczenli olmas\u0131<\/li>
  3. Part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak, yani \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kimsenin kendi istek ve tercihi ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    175 say\u0131l\u0131 ILO s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan terimini; normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreleri mukayese edilebilir, tam zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan daha az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan olarak ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i ile i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fma ile olu\u015fan ve normal i\u015f s\u00fcresinden az olan d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131sma\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir (\u00dcnal, 2005:112). 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 i\u015f… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[27,24,26,25],"class_list":["post-102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-nerelerde-parttime-calisabilirim","tag-part-time-calisma-nedir","tag-parttime-calismanin-onemi","tag-yari-zamanli-calismak"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102\/revisions\/107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unisbul.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}